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91.
Michael H. Guerra Thangal Yumnamcha Abdul-Shukkur Ebrahim Elizabeth A. Berger Lalit Pukhrambam Singh Ahmed S. Ibrahim 《International journal of molecular sciences》2021,22(9)
Disruption of retinal pigment epithelial (RPE barrier integrity is a hallmark feature of various retinal blinding diseases, including diabetic macular edema and age-related macular degeneration, but the underlying causes and pathophysiology are not completely well-defined. One of the most conserved phenomena in biology is the progressive decline in mitochondrial function with aging leading to cytopathic hypoxia, where cells are unable to use oxygen for energy production. Therefore, this study aimed to thoroughly investigate the role of cytopathic hypoxia in compromising the barrier functionality of RPE cells. We used Electric Cell-Substrate Impedance Sensing (ECIS) system to monitor precisely in real time the barrier integrity of RPE cell line (ARPE-19) after treatment with various concentrations of cytopathic hypoxia-inducing agent, Cobalt(II) chloride (CoCl2). We further investigated how the resistance across ARPE-19 cells changes across three separate parameters: Rb (the electrical resistance between ARPE-19 cells), α (the resistance between the ARPE-19 and its substrate), and Cm (the capacitance of the ARPE-19 cell membrane). The viability of the ARPE-19 cells and mitochondrial bioenergetics were quantified with 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and seahorse technology, respectively. ECIS measurement showed that CoCl2 reduced the total impedance of ARPE-19 cells in a dose dependent manner across all tested frequencies. Specifically, the ECIS program’s modelling demonstrated that CoCl2 affected Rb as it begins to drastically decrease earlier than α or Cm, although ARPE-19 cells’ viability was not compromised. Using seahorse technology, all three concentrations of CoCl2 significantly impaired basal, maximal, and ATP-linked respirations of ARPE-19 cells but did not affect proton leak and non-mitochondrial bioenergetic. Concordantly, the expression of a major paracellular tight junction protein (ZO-1) was reduced significantly with CoCl2-treatment in a dose-dependent manner. Our data demonstrate that the ARPE-19 cells have distinct dielectric properties in response to cytopathic hypoxia in which disruption of barrier integrity between ARPE-19 cells precedes any changes in cells’ viability, cell-substrate contacts, and cell membrane permeability. Such differences can be used in screening of selective agents that improve the assembly of RPE tight junction without compromising other RPE barrier parameters. 相似文献
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93.
MGH956合金是采用机械合金化方法制造的氧化物弥散强化高温合金,具有高温力学性能好、高温抗氧化和抗腐蚀性能好的综合优势。自行研制了中间层合金KCol进行MGH956合金过渡液相(TLP)扩散连接试验,分析了接头组织、成分和连接工艺的关系,确定了MGH956合金TLP扩散连接机理。同时,对MGH956合金焊接接头中产生的夹渣缺陷进行了深入的分析。结果表明:在连接温度1240℃、保温8h条件下,可以获得焊接缺陷少、完整连续的焊接接头。 相似文献
94.
Archis A. Yawalkar Albertus B. M. Heesink Geert F. Versteeg Vishwas G. Pangarkar 《加拿大化工杂志》2002,80(5):840-848
Volumetric gas—liquid mass transfer coefficient (kLa) data available in the literature for larger tanks (T = 0.39 m to 2.7 m) have been analyzed on the basis of relative dispersion parameter, N/Ncd. It was observed that at a given superficial gas velocity (VG), kLa values were approximately the same irrespective of geometric configuration (size of the tank, type and size of the impellers, type of the sparger, etc.) at a particular N/Ncd. A single correlation based on N/Ncd is presented which shows satisfactory agreement with the kLa data of different workers. 相似文献
95.
搅拌槽内的液-液临界分散 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
在φ391mm搅拌槽中,分别采用双层Brumagin桨、双层三叶后掠式桨和双层A310桨与7种内构件相组合,在无乳化剂下对油水比(质量比)分别为1∶1.5,1∶2.0的煤油-水体系的液-液临界分散进行了研究。从工业实用的角度出发,对前两种桨找到了一种可替代“轻液挡板”的小挡板及其安装方法:内冷管上均布4块小挡板,B/D=0.08,插入液面深度为0.2D。在φ188mm搅拌槽中,于全挡板条件下,以歧化松香皂为乳化剂,分别采用3种不同几何参数的双层Brumagin桨对油水质量比为1∶1.5的煤油-水体系的临界分散进行了研究。结果表明,与无乳化剂情况相比,液-液临界分散转速(N_c)下降30%~40%,临界分散功耗(P_(cv))下降53%~66%;桨径减小会使N_c和P_(cv)增加。 相似文献
96.
Lan Liu 《Chemical engineering science》2006,61(12):4007-4021
A non-intrusive dye tracing technique, laser-induced fluorescence (LIF), has been applied to investigate the co-current flow of two immiscible organic-aqueous liquid flows in a vertical pipe. This technique allowed detailed visualization of the dynamic evolution of the flows. Flow structures in liquid-liquid flows at high dispersed phase fraction were revealed which had not been seen before. In pipe flow, an unstable range was found in the flow pattern map in which oil-in-water (o/w) and water-in-oil (w/o) dispersions could co-exist. Secondary dispersions (o/w/o and w/o/w) were observed for most volume fractions and velocities, especially in the unstable range. It was observed that, when the flow is in the unstable region, both w/o/w and o/w/o secondary dispersions could appear in the same set of experiments. It was found that this unstable range in the pipe flow, in spite of the similar appearance, was different to the ambivalent range seen in agitated systems. The one-dimensional drift flux model of Wallis (1969) for dispersed flow and a laminar model for co-current downward annular flow, were also applied to predict the in situ oil holdup; good agreement was obtained. 相似文献
97.
98.
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100.
M. Rahman 《化学,工程师,技术》1975,47(17):729-729